Heat your oil + ghee in a wide bottomed pan on medium high heat
Add your cumin seeeds and once they sizzle add in your onions
Cook, sauteing frequently until the edges take on a caramelly color.
Add in your ginger and garlic and saute for a minute
Now stir in your tomatoes, salt, chili powder + flakes, coriander powder, and turmeric.
Cover with a lid for two minutes then remove the lid and saute until the masala becomes cohesive looking and the oil rises over the tomato paste. Add a splash of water if it starts to stick/burn.
Stir in your daal followed by 1.5 cup water , bring to a boil, and let it simmer for 10 minutes. You want the daal to be completely tender and absorb the flavors. If it was a bit tough earlier then you may need more time here.
Adjust the consistency to your liking and then adjust seasoning. If you are adding more water here then remember to bring it a boil first before shutting the stove off.
Add your favorite finishing touches and dig in!
Notes
Boiling Daal:
Stovetop: Add 2.5 cups, ¾ tsp of salt, and water to a pot. Bring to a boil and simmer until cooked through - approximately 30 minutes.Instant Pot: Add 2.5 cups of water to your instant pot along with your soaked daal and pressure cook for 10 minutes.Tadka or Baghaar:I usually skip it, feeling it isn't needed but for an extra layer of flavor once your daal is ready you can top it with a baghaar of oil/ghee, sliced golden garlic, cumin seeds, and whole red chilies.